When I change the climate control from defrost to face or face to defrost or any combination of selection, the selection is not completely made. It tries to change but it is kinda stuck at defrost or some combination of defrost/feet. So I think the control panel is working but the mechanical component within the HVAC system that changes the output is malfunctioning or stuck because I hear the noise of the air change upon each selection. Does anyone know where I can obtain a diagram of the system or what the part is called that changes to air direction?

What year and is it a Limited, SR5, or Sport Edition?

The actuator for that is called "Mode" and is most likely the issue, it is located behind the glovebox, there are other actuators back in there as well so it's important to find the correct one, once you drop the glove box out of the way you should be able to look up in there as you change the "modes" and see which one is moving or trying to move or making noise, it maybe that the arm on the actuator has slipped out of sync with the rest of the actuator and can be carefully slipped back in place or it shot and needs replacing, these actuators are not fun to swap out because of the tight space, but it is doable as a DIY job, there are plenty of writeups on the forum and probably videos on YouTube as well.

This. There is also an actuator on the left side of the blend box. Here is an image I found on ebay. Highlighted actuator may not be the right one.