It sounds like you reset the Zero Point Calibration in the computer (somehow involving the battery). It's a simple fix if you are comfortable jumping a few pins on the OBD-II connector, or the dealership can do it.
Yaw Rate and Acceleration Sensor Zero Point Calibration
Mine had the same problem a couple years back, but I started to like the ability to drift a 2 1/4 ton behemoth, so I re-cleared the data and have ridden without traction control ever since. It's quite fun, actually.
In addition, it wont cause you to fail inspection. It will only come on when the vehicle is running, and starts to roll forward. Nowadays, all they do is plug in to your OBD with the engine running (and parked), check for any Catalyst specific codes, and send you on your way. They could care less for traction control.