Here's the con.
Drive Shaft Harmonics
DRIVELINE/UNIVERSAL JOINT CANCELLATION
By Jim Clark, Hot Rod M.D.
What: Solving the problem of driveline vibration. Driveline geometry. The process that can be used to address a condition called driveline/universal joint cancellation, often referred to as adjusting pinion angle. This process can be used to eliminate the vibration and premature wear caused by improper orientation and phasing of the driveline.
This condition is caused because every U-joint that operates at an angle creates a vibration. It creates that vibration because the U-joint cross rotates with the shaft in a circular motion while also moving from front to rear. That rocking back and forth motion as it rotates causes the cross in the U-joint to accelerate and decelerate.
If you could view this as rotating around the face of a clock with the cross rotating in a counterclockwise motion it would show the U-joint when at a horizontal position (3 to 9 o’clock) as traveling in a circular motion. As the yoke arm at 3 o’clock travels counterclockwise towards 12 o’clock and tips to the rear of the vehicle it accelerates. Then decelerates as it continues counterclockwise towards 9 o’clock as it rocks forward again returning to center. Now again accelerates as it continues rotating counterclockwise from 9 o’clock to 6 o’clock and rocking towards the front of the vehicle. Finally completing one rotation as it travels counterclockwise from 6 o’clock to 3 o’clock decelerating as it returns to center. Because the U-joint is connected to the driveshaft and accelerates/decelerates through this full rotation, the driveshaft speeds up and slows down during each revolution. This creates what is called excitation torque.
When viewed from the end, the path taken by the bearing cups is an ellipse, rotating forward and backwards as well as in its path around the centerline of the shaft. When viewed from the side, the path taken by the bearing cups would look like an angled line rocking back and forth while rotating around the centerline of the shaft
To cancel this excitation torque, the U-joint at the other end of the shaft needs to rotate at an equal but opposite angle in relation to the U-joint up front. By using U-joints in pairs and in phase, and the angle between the driveshaft and the equipment at both ends is the same, the acceleration/deceleration cycles tend to cancel each other.
These U-joint angles should always be at least 1-degree to avoid wearing out the yoke bearings.
How: When you build a chassis and position the driveline components, you need to orient them so that the angle of a line drawn through the center of the transmission exiting through the output shaft (A) and a line drawn through the center of the driveshaft (B) is equal to but opposite the angle of a line drawn through the pinion shaft in the rear differential(C) and the line drawn through the center of the driveshaft (B). The accompanying drawing illustrates how the lines drawn through the transmission and pinion shafts (A&C) are parallel to each other, though not in the same plane.
So in other words - A diff drop is not a drop but a tilting of the diff changing the original factory pinion angle. The will lead to vibration and wear on the drivershaft and front pinion bears and seals.