How does insurance handle claims on vehicles that have aftermarket parts? Do I need to tell my insurance company if I've added/removed anything? I'm particularly curious about suspension-related mods. I'm assuming speed-related mods like going FI can raise rates pretty high.
Ciaz, I assume from the variety of answers you have received thus far, you can tell there is a wide span of issues that may apply directly to your question. I have worked in the insurance claims industry for some 35 years now, let me try to explain.
It all depends on the contact any particular insurance company offers, the state insurance laws and regulations that may apply in the state in which you live and the type of damage or loss you incur.
Generally, most insurance contracts will pay for the repair or replacement of your vehicle as a whole, or whatever parts are damaged due to a covered loss, up to the actual cash value of that vehicle, UNLESS THOSE PARTS OR MODIFICATIONS ARE SPECIFICALLY OR GENERALLY EXCLUDED by either contract language or state law. In other words, usually any mods are covered without any further duties or costs on your part, unless they are excluded or required to be listed on the policy in order to be covered.
For example, a contract may say that we will not pay for any parts on a vehicle that was damaged in a covered loss that have been declared illegal by state law. (This might apply to either OEM or Aftermarket). The purpose and the application of this exclusion might apply to aftermarket muffler systems that were considered too loud by state law, or window tinting that was two dark. Now, when those types of exclusions are found in a policy, the exclusion itself is usually required by state law.
Another contract condition might say that we will not pay for any aftermarket parts unless listed on the policy. Obviously the purpose of this condition is so the insurance company charges the appropriate premium associated to the risk of insuring your modified vehicle.
Another issue is the Actual Cash Value wording I mentioned above. What does that really mean? Well, there are many applicable definitions of what it could mean. One favored definition says ACV is the amount of money that the AVERAGE normal buyer is willing to spend at an arm’s length transaction to purchase YOUR vehicle. The goal is to determine, (and the means of that determination is usually governed by state law), what was your car worth on the open market one( 1) second prior to the loss.
This is not an easy task, especially if your vehicle has been heavily modified. Keep in mind, not all modifications “increase the actual cash value of your vehicle”. Some may in fact distract from the value. Ask yourself, would the AVERAGE buyer of vehicle x, pay more or less for the mods I have placed on my vehicle? Again, this issue would probably only apply to a total loss situation, at which point you may be able to return your vehicle to a more OEM state prior to making a claim, keeping some of the mods for future use.
Just to be complete, a total loss is generally determined by the approximate ACV, less the estimated net salvage recovery. (Salvage recovery is the amount of money the insurance company can sell the damaged car at a junk auction or by other means). For example, let’s say a vehicle is worth 4k. It was hit hard in the rear end with 2500.00 worth of damage. The estimated net salvage value is 1k. Thus, the insurance company can pay up to 3k to fix the car before it would be deemed a total loss. This vehicle would probably be repaired.
Bottom line, talk to your agent, READ your insurance contract. Shop around and be safe.