MAF = Mass Air Flow. The MAF sensor measures the amount of air passing thru the intake and provides a signal for the engine to adjust specific operating parameters (idk what for sure, but I'd guess A/F ratio...). With some cars, you need to retune when increasing air flow as some computers cannot adequately compensate. I've never heard of having to retune our 4Runners for a CAI so it all must be within the MAF sensors parameters.
I can't help with the suspension question, especially since I don't know what an adaptive suspension would look like. I've had 2nd gen and 3rd gen 4Runners but this is my first 4th gen and I never heard that term. Hopefully someone will educate us both.
Let me know what you think of the TRD CAI. I've been on the fence about getting one since all my mod $$ goes into the Stang. But since the Stang is put away for the winter, the 4Runner is getting my attention.