Mud, sand, snow multi Trac dumb question of the day

I'll try to explain as well as I can. The point of contact between the tire and the surface is in static friction, even when you are moving as long as you are not slipping or sliding. In certain conditions -especially snow - there is a large difference in coefficients of friction between static and kinetic. And often times the threshold of motion where the tire will begin to slip is very close to the threshold of force required for the vehicle to move. The maximum performance is at the threshold of motion between the tire and surface.

Of course the vehicle requires a minimum of force to either continue motion or begin motion. Generally in softer materials like sand or snow, the tires are really continually climbing or plowing through some part of the snow/sand. Accelerating the vehicle quickly is essentially out of the question because the force necessary cannot be applied. Many times it's a very fine balance of being able to apply just enough torque to the tires to keep moving and not a bit more.

With an automatic transmission there is no direct link between throttle and torque applied to the tire, where as with a manual it's much more direct. And the driver can modulate wheel speed directly. That in effect allows the driver to apply torque right up to the limit, reach it, and back off very quickly without spinning the tires significantly. This is similar to how the Crawl Control works. Crawl control is almost like abs only with forward motion. - Where an excellent driver can brake shorter without ABS, a properly equipped vehicle can often do the same in forward and outperform crawl control. The problem with most automatic high geared vehicles, like the 4runner, is that you cannot on your own reliably approach the threshold of motion without blowing past it. The system simply isn't well suited for measured application of torque at low tire speed. The gearing simply isn't low enough and the automatics don't have the ability to pass the threshold without spinning the tires significantly where the manual can cross the threshold and back within just a few degrees tire of rotation.

Of course the 5th gen is not really intended for serious off road use in the sense of going on the harder trails or deep snow etc. It's about 1500lbs overweight, has small tires, etc. But the 4runner is a great daily driver than can go on mild offroad trails. You have to make compromises somewhere. Crawl Control is a compromise to deal with high gearing and automatic transmissions that are both really nice for daily driving. Next time i'm out and about in enough snow to get stuck I'll do a video comparison.
 
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Sounds like crawl may be useful in deep snow. I would like to see it work in deep snow myself someday.

I like the description of MTS being ATRAC tune 1 - 4.... Standard ATRAC being the most aggressive mode, although I have seen Toyota marketing info saying it impacts throttle response.

Another thing to consider is what happens to ATRAC.. as you increase tire size. I've heard FJ guys say it becomes much less effective on 35s. To the point where it becomes mostly useless.

One question for those with a trail. When can the rear e-locker be used. I thought I remember something about it not working with atrac over a certain speed....Does that include the MTS settings?

Can it be activated in 2wd. I like doing that on mine. It's fun!

Does crawl work in conjunction with all the other stuff (e-locker, MTS. ATRAC) or does it do its own thing in isolation.

Somewhat ironically the manual has this to say about CRAWL in the snow:
Conditions under which the system may not operate correctly - Snow-covered roads, or other slippery surfaces. I think these systems are pretty cool but they can't change the laws of physics.

Also in the manual: When a terrain mode is selected in accordance with terrain conditions, engine power and active traction control system is controlled to enhance
off-road drivability.

It would be nice to know exactly what the mean when they refer to engine power. Is that just throttle tip in, more linear throttle response, or something cool like disabling torque management? I guess only Akio Nishimura knows for sure.

The rear locker can be used with A-TRAC up to 4 MPH, and with MTS according to the manual. It cannot be used in 2WD and is much more difficult to "hotwire" than in the older models.

CRAWL does function with the rear locker, low speeds only. No CRAWL with MTS either. When you shift in to 4L, VSC and TRAC are disabled. When the locker is engaged these systems are also disabled: ABS, Multi Terrain ABS, Brake assist system, VSC (Duh, you are in 4L) and Hill-start assist control. I've had lockers in previous vehicles so I'm well aware of their unique ability to totally change the direction you are going if you use them too much.

The last time I was in the woods I went up and down this hill and played with each and every setting. I've been on this hill in at least four different trucks. The picture does not do it justice, or include 70% of the hill covered in softball sized rocks. I slid all over the place in my boots trying to even walk on it.

D3X_7209.jpg~original


Totally stock and the trail was damp. I went up and down just fine without any aids, but it was nice to have the extra gizmos available to limit excessive wheel spin on my stock tires. I found myself carrying much more speed, but when I used CRAWL or MTC wheel spin was non existent and I went much slower. This provided the illusion of increased safety and confidence.

Can't say that my pre-traction control trucks would have tackled this hill so easily, that is what impressed me the most with the various systems. My JK did it just fine without the extra rocks thanks to similar systems, our old element (tried it just for fun) failed to make this specific hill. My quadradrive equipped GC required more speed and had far more wheel spin. My older wranglers would likely require a little help or tons of speed.

Just my random thoughts...sorry for the novel.
 
Yeah, I didn't bother reading all the posts because every time crawl control comes up it's always the same - some people say it's lame/useless/cheating others think it's great. I've played with it a lot and already posted my opinion.

http://www.toyota-4runner.org/5th-g...-between-atrac-crawl-control.html#post1551359

I like it, but I always wind up going faster than I want because of the machine gun clatter of the brakes and the furious rattling at the lower settings--it just sounds like it wants to break something.
 
Of course the 5th gen is not really intended for serious off road use in the sense of going on the harder trails or deep snow etc. It's about 1500lbs overweight, has small tires, etc. But the 4runner is a great daily driver than can go on mild offroad trails.

Uh, ok.
 
Totally stock and the trail was damp. I went up and down just fine without any aids, but it was nice to have the extra gizmos available to limit excessive wheel spin on my stock tires. I found myself carrying much more speed, but when I used CRAWL or MTC wheel spin was non existent and I went much slower. This provided the illusion of increased safety and confidence.

how can you call it an illusion??
 
safety and increased confidence are exactly what you are getting. if I can get up/down the obstacle without the bouncing/lurching/wheelspin/etc then its inherently safer and provides confidence. and yes, I totally agree there is a limit to what it can do and that the electronics are not a substitute for common sense, ability, and experience
 
I'll try to explain as well as I can. The point of contact between the tire and the surface is in static friction, even when you are moving as long as you are not slipping or sliding. In certain conditions -especially snow - there is a large difference in coefficients of friction between static and kinetic. And often times the threshold of motion where the tire will begin to slip is very close to the threshold of force required for the vehicle to move. The maximum performance is at the threshold of motion between the tire and surface.

Of course the vehicle requires a minimum of force to either continue motion or begin motion. Generally in softer materials like sand or snow, the tires are really continually climbing or plowing through some part of the snow/sand. Accelerating the vehicle quickly is essentially out of the question because the force necessary cannot be applied. Many times it's a very fine balance of being able to apply just enough torque to the tires to keep moving and not a bit more.

With an automatic transmission there is no direct link between throttle and torque applied to the tire, where as with a manual it's much more direct. And the driver can modulate wheel speed directly. That in effect allows the driver to apply torque right up to the limit, reach it, and back off very quickly without spinning the tires significantly. This is similar to how the Crawl Control works. Crawl control is almost like abs only with forward motion. - Where an excellent driver can brake shorter without ABS, a properly equipped vehicle can often do the same in forward and outperform crawl control. The problem with most automatic high geared vehicles, like the 4runner, is that you cannot on your own reliably approach the threshold of motion without blowing past it. The system simply isn't well suited for measured application of torque at low tire speed. The gearing simply isn't low enough and the automatics don't have the ability to pass the threshold without spinning the tires significantly where the manual can cross the threshold and back within just a few degrees tire of rotation.

Of course the 5th gen is not really intended for serious off road use in the sense of going on the harder trails or deep snow etc. It's about 1500lbs overweight, has small tires, etc. But the 4runner is a great daily driver than can go on mild offroad trails. You have to make compromises somewhere. Crawl Control is a compromise to deal with high gearing and automatic transmissions that are both really nice for daily driving. Next time i'm out and about in enough snow to get stuck I'll do a video comparison.

I see your point. I was looking at if from a different perspective (the entire vehicle vs just the tire).

My experience in sand is that you need to maintain ground speed (not wheel speed). Depending on tires, wheel spin can still allow you to gain ground speed. The driver has to make these decisions based on feel and visual clues of the upcoming terrain. The electronics are not able to do that.

I also get your point about the Torque converter, but I also see another angle. Most drivers can't make a manual apply power as smoothly as the TC from a stop, but I see the point about crossing the threshold of slip in very slick conditions.

My gearing is different than stock now. My Final drive in 4lo (1st gear) is 41.3 compared with stock at 33.7. I don't perceive the threshold issue much now, but it may still be there.

In conclusion, I still feel most of the electronics are gimmicks and not useful to most offroaders. ATRAC being the obvious exception. There may be a valid use case for CRAWL, but I would think it is pretty narrow.

It always goes back to basics. No level of electronics can make up for things like (tires, suspension, locked differentials, gears, approach angle, ground clearance, armor). If you tackle all those in a 5th gen 4Runner it can do just about anything offroad. Unfortunately, it's difficult to address all of them without cutting it up and spending ridiculous amounts of money. However, a few smart choices can result in a pretty capable truck that can do way more than mild offroad trails.
 
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Possibly we have different ideas of what hard offroad trails look like? I also have an FJ40 on 39's. A difficult trail for the 4runner is still 2wd in the FJ40. The beauty of the 4runner is that I can have a nice comfortable cruise 4hrs to Moab and still tackle many of the milder trails. I'm not intending to be negative toward the 4runner, just recognize the limitations.
 
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Possibly we have different ideas of what hard offroad trails look like? I also have an FJ40 on 39's. A difficult trail for the 4runner is still 2wd in the FJ40. The beauty of the 4runner is that I can have a nice comfortable cruise 4hrs to Moab and still tackle many of the milder trails. I'm not intending to be negative toward the 4runner, just recognize the limitations.

Yea, it clearly has limitations, but it does have a lot going for it as a dual purpose/overland rig. I find that most people are generally surprised by what it can do. Nothing like what solid axles on 39s can do, but enough for a good thrill and a lot of room and comfort along the way.

It's very limited in 100% stock form, IMHO. Others claim it is ready for the Rubicon right off the lot, but I really don't think so.
 

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