I don't know how long, but leave the battery disconnected for a while and it will reset. 45min to an hour has always worked for me. If there is still a problem it will come back on, usually no sooner than 50 miles though.
And Brian, I haven't heard that, nor live in Cali anymore, but in Texas to get an inspection they can tell if you disconnected the battery to reset the computer. I had a problem with my cats, and the CEL light was on, but I knew it would pass (long story on how I knew) so I disconnected the battery to turn the light off (you cant pass inspection in Texas with the light on, no matter what!) and went straight to the inspection place. After they hooked it up they asked me if I had had recent work done on the car or replaced the battery, I played dumb and said no. They told me they couldn't inspect it because the computer had recently been reset and for me to drive 50 miles or so and bring it back to have the inspection. From experience the light comes on from 50-100 miles after resetting, but it worked out that I got it inspected after driving the 50 miles, but immediately pulling away after leaving the inspection place the light came back on! haha, oh well it passed! Now I have the URD rear O2 simulator, which keeps the light off, so passing is no big deal now!