I find the most interesting part of thier history is that they pioneered lean manufacturing. At my company we are trying to duplicate that with limited success so far. We are trying this becuase of the way Toyota has smashed the big three in America. The NUMMI joint venture between GM and Toyota in Cali was supposed to teach GM how to go lean and auto unions have shut it down so GM has had limited or no success doing this. My boss worked at the NUMMI venture years back and understands lean very well. Lean has lots to do with Toyota quality by eliminating the seven forms of waste:
1. Transportation-source parts close to the plant. A Tundra built in Indiana has more American sourced parts than a Chev. built in Mich.
2. Motion-workers have tools close by, no walking or looking for tools
3. Re-work-build it right the first time
4. Build only what you need-no overproduction
5. Inventory-hidden cost, Yota plants have very little extra stuff lying around
6. Waiting time-start next part right after finishing current one
7. Processing Itself-make parts quickly and accurately
All this waste reduction (muda in Japenese) provides better quality. We are working on it at our company (can't say which one, but tape and sandpaper are clues) and its difficult but when it works its really great. Lean is why I choose Toyota over the big three.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturing