I think Volvos are regularly run that high and beyond, and I have heard of Porsches run there as well. It wouldn't surprise me to find a lot of BMWs and Mercedes that high as well. It probably happens a lot more in Europe than here. Also probably in Third World countries where a new vehicle isn't an option.
I think you would find lots of diesel vehicles in that mileage range.
I read once that the standard for taxi fleets (standard U.S. cars) was 150K miles, then an engine rebuild for another 50K miles, then junk the cars. Apparently the limiting factor was things other than the engine wearing out, such as doors, hinges, springs in the seats, seat coverings, carpet, roof liners, probably the transmission and the rest of the drivetrain, etc. Those vehicles take a lot of beating due to the stop and go nature of where and how they are run.