Thanks again to everybody who has commented. Everyone has been very helpful and insightful.
So significant progress has been made. I ended up risking it and getting a used Junk Yard ABS system for 400. Ended up having a mechanic do the install since it was only 300 and that was worth not dealing with the install pain myself. So I'm 95% back. The lights are all gone, brakes are normal, and running techstream does not show any open codes despite about a 15min drive home. The p0500 is gone and my speedometer and ODO now work.
My only remaining issue is my VSC. When I turn the key to 'On' and it does the lamp check, the VSC lights work. Thats more than I got before I replaced the master cylinder assembly. I initially thought I may have blown the lights on the cluster itself, but know now that's not the case. However, I can't get the VSC lights to illuminate when I press my VSC off switch, or when I shift into 4lo or lock the center diff.
Any ideas on what to look at here?