85 Octane in Colorado? Toyota says yes. What do you say?

My 2003 RS6 kicked codes when I ran 91 and my 2008 E63 cant burn the 91 either.

I live at 7000ft, 91 is all they sell and I cant use it in any of my cars. We do have a non-ethenol station in santa fe but I havent noticed much in anything except my motorcycles. The cars all seem to take too long to change the mapping when I run 1 tank through them.

On a side note, I had a 93 4runner with the 3.slow, I added all the timing the distributor would take and i still didn't ping or knock. When I had my E63 tuned I couldn't convince the tuner to add more timing than normal, they just don't get the fact we have less air up here.
 
My 2003 RS6 kicked codes when I ran 91 and my 2008 E63 cant burn the 91 either.

I live at 7000ft, 91 is all they sell and I cant use it in any of my cars. We do have a non-ethenol station in santa fe but I havent noticed much in anything except my motorcycles. The cars all seem to take too long to change the mapping when I run 1 tank through them.

On a side note, I had a 93 4runner with the 3.slow, I added all the timing the distributor would take and i still didn't ping or knock. When I had my E63 tuned I couldn't convince the tuner to add more timing than normal, they just don't get the fact we have less air up here.

This is really intriguing, please tell us more
 
its built for 93? wtf. the highest they even sell here is 91.
Sorry, meant 91, not 93.

Back when the FJC came out, the spec's listed 91 as minimum and there was a backlash at the requirement for mid/premium fuel. Toyota promptly responded by restating the minimum to 87 and lowered the published HP/TQ numbers, without making any actual changes at all.

The knock sensors will retard timing to prevent damage to the motor, so other than lost performance, no harm in running lower octane fuel.
 
You are a smart guy - I've learned a lot from your tech-oriented threads, but in all the octane-related threads I've read, have never come across this...93 octane for a 1GR-FE.

Where is this information posted?
More like an inebriated guy that posts without fact checking. I meant 91 as that is what Toyota has stated, but being that 91 is "premium" around here and 93 is "premium" at sea level, I confused the two.
 
Thanks to all for the octane updates above.
Wife drives the '14 4R - I drive the '15 Tacoma - '06 Avalon.
I've always run 87 octane and I never hear knock or experience poor performance.
MPGs run 19-21 - mostly hwy driving for both.
Traveling in elevations ranging from 700 ft. - 1400 ft. - nothing at all like Rocky Mtn. drivers.
 
Lots of mistruths, misunderstandings and bad recommendations in this thread.

Can you run 85 Octane? Sure. Is it smart? MAYBE.

Octane rating is a numerical indicator of a fuel's propensity for predetonation and "knock."

It is NOT, I repeat it is NOT an indication of the fuel's chemical energy content, at least not directly. Moreover, GENERALLY speaking, the LOWER the Octane rating (again generally) the MORE energy the fuel has. E85 for instance, has an equivalent Octane rating of over 100 but has approximately 30% less chemical potential energy than typical gasoline blends. This means that while it's "safer" for your engine, it requires MORE fuel to be pumped in and requires a completely different Air/Fuel ratio and map.

Can you run 85 safely? Sure. IF you've re-tuned the engine to make it safer. Your engine is most exposed to engine knock during conditions where the engine is under high load/torque and/or the intake air temps are high and/or the air fuel ratio is LEAN.

This means, if the engine has been tuned to be "fat" or with a low A/F, running 85 is probably safe for most conditions.

However, WITHOUT a retune, if the engine was tuned to run a particular fuel with particular properties, CHANGING those properties MAY expose you to knock and damage.

Would I run 85 in FL with the heat. Absolutely not. When in a high gear, at low RPM and stomping on the accelerator, the engine experiences a high torque demand and that's where you're MOST likely to experience knock.

Now, with modern engines, and the advent of "speed density" mapping, the engine is SUPPOSED to sense knock conditions and scale back the engine timing to compensate and make it safe.

Running higher Octane fuels allows your engine to advance MORE spark timing without predetonation or knock and therefore, CAN (and usually does) result in better efficiency. In essence, with a high octane fuel, you can squeeze more power out of a given amount of fuel because you can run more timing and less fuel (leaner) conditions without it firing off before it's supposed to.

Would I run 85 towing a trailer up Mountains in 100F heat? No way. Not without a serious retune of the engine to make it safe and compliant.

If I DID run 85 (without a retune or total rework of the fuel mapping) I'd be very cautious about stomping the accelerator in low RPM or uphill conditions.

The reason that a lot of motor heads are running E85 or race fuel is because it's very resistant to predetonation and therefore SAFER for the engine when running boosted or charged (super charger/turbo charger) applications where the intake air is heated via compression AND/OR high compression applications for race engines and such. The higher rating means a tuner can run more timing, leaner A/F (meaning more power), etc, than a comparable fuel with lower Octane rating.

So basically, a tuner can make 600 hp with an engine running E85 that's MUCH safer and much more accommodating to varying conditions than they could make 600 hp with 93 or even 89. OR, the tuner can make MORE power with the same safety risk on E85 or race fuel as compared to 93.

The answer is very nuanced in that you can run just about any fuel, it's simply a matter of how much of a risk it is to knock and whether or not the engine has been tuned to run that or whether or not the engine can "sense" and adjust to ensure you don't end up with ignition ahead of where it's supposed to be (and bucking against the rotating components).
 
Lots of mistruths, misunderstandings and bad recommendations in this thread.

Can you run 85 Octane? Sure. Is it smart? MAYBE.

Octane rating is a numerical indicator of a fuel's propensity for predetonation and "knock."

It is NOT, I repeat it is NOT an indication of the fuel's chemical energy content, at least not directly. Moreover, GENERALLY speaking, the LOWER the Octane rating (again generally) the MORE energy the fuel has. E85 for instance, has an equivalent Octane rating of over 100 but has approximately 30% less chemical potential energy than typical gasoline blends. This means that while it's "safer" for your engine, it requires MORE fuel to be pumped in and requires a completely different Air/Fuel ratio and map.

Can you run 85 safely? Sure. IF you've re-tuned the engine to make it safer. Your engine is most exposed to engine knock during conditions where the engine is under high load/torque and/or the intake air temps are high and/or the air fuel ratio is LEAN.

This means, if the engine has been tuned to be "fat" or with a low A/F, running 85 is probably safe for most conditions.

However, WITHOUT a retune, if the engine was tuned to run a particular fuel with particular properties, CHANGING those properties MAY expose you to knock and damage.

Would I run 85 in FL with the heat. Absolutely not. When in a high gear, at low RPM and stomping on the accelerator, the engine experiences a high torque demand and that's where you're MOST likely to experience knock.

Now, with modern engines, and the advent of "speed density" mapping, the engine is SUPPOSED to sense knock conditions and scale back the engine timing to compensate and make it safe.

Running higher Octane fuels allows your engine to advance MORE spark timing without predetonation or knock and therefore, CAN (and usually does) result in better efficiency. In essence, with a high octane fuel, you can squeeze more power out of a given amount of fuel because you can run more timing and less fuel (leaner) conditions without it firing off before it's supposed to.

Would I run 85 towing a trailer up Mountains in 100F heat? No way. Not without a serious retune of the engine to make it safe and compliant.

If I DID run 85 (without a retune or total rework of the fuel mapping) I'd be very cautious about stomping the accelerator in low RPM or uphill conditions.

The reason that a lot of motor heads are running E85 or race fuel is because it's very resistant to predetonation and therefore SAFER for the engine when running boosted or charged (super charger/turbo charger) applications where the intake air is heated via compression AND/OR high compression applications for race engines and such. The higher rating means a tuner can run more timing, leaner A/F (meaning more power), etc, than a comparable fuel with lower Octane rating.

So basically, a tuner can make 600 hp with an engine running E85 that's MUCH safer and much more accommodating to varying conditions than they could make 600 hp with 93 or even 89. OR, the tuner can make MORE power with the same safety risk on E85 or race fuel as compared to 93.

The answer is very nuanced in that you can run just about any fuel, it's simply a matter of how much of a risk it is to knock and whether or not the engine has been tuned to run that or whether or not the engine can "sense" and adjust to ensure you don't end up with ignition ahead of where it's supposed to be (and bucking against the rotating components).

Nobody is suggesting running 85 in a 4R, they're asking whether it is safe/normal to run 85 in Denver, or higher elevations.

You're probably overthinking it. You're always running rich at altitude, so you don't need a higher octane rating to retard detonation because there's a reduced risk of preignition.

If you want to reduce risk of preignition further, always run 91/93 instead of 87.

Since air density reduces with increased temperature, which further reduces the output (and temperature) of combustion and further enriches the mixture, so while I wouldn't want to be dragging a trailer in Denver when it's 100 outside (in the snow, uphill both ways), it's not like that's the straw that's breaking your 4R's back. (I'm just picking on that example because it's extreme.)

You're probably right about power output and peak performance, but while your 4R's ECU, MAP sensor, knock sensor, or whatever computer is installed may be adjusting the timing based on what it detects in and around the cylinders, what you can't change is ambient air pressure and oxygen content.
 
Atmospheric pressure at 5000 feet is ~83% of what it is at sea level. The compression pressure and temperature in the cylinder is significantly lower at elevation. There likely is a point of elevation where high octane fuel's relatively slower burn rate will exceed the ability of the ECU tune to advance spark and get a complete burn. So there probably is an elevation where high octane fuel will cause problems. I have no idea what that would be. In this case however, 85 octane at the compression pressures 5000 feet is probably less prone to spontaneous combustion than 91 octane at sea level.

Edit:- as far as I'm aware there are zero instances of anyone ever having any engine wear or detonation related engine failures in the 1GR. With well over a million copies in the USA alone, I think it's a pretty safely tuned engine for just about any condition you can throw at it.
 
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Atmospheric pressure at 5000 feet is ~83% of what it is at sea level. The compression pressure and temperature in the cylinder is significantly lower at elevation. There likely is a point of elevation where high octane fuel's relatively slower burn rate will exceed the ability of the ECU tune to advance spark and get a complete burn. So there probably is an elevation where high octane fuel will cause problems. I have no idea what that would be. In this case however, 85 octane at the compression pressures 5000 feet is probably less prone to spontaneous combustion than 91 octane at sea level.

Edit:- as far as I'm aware there are zero instances of anyone ever having any engine wear or detonation related engine failures in the 1GR. With well over a million copies in the USA alone, I think it's a pretty safely tuned engine for just about any condition you can throw at it.

I don't think high octane fuel is a problem, although avgas is a problem because of the lead in it (and maybe other stuff).
 
We run 87 here in Houston, and every time we go to Colorado we run 85. Have never experienced knock or issues. 14K ft up Pike's Peak? Smooth as butter. 3.5 hours up and over Tincup Pass (12K+ ft) - nada. I'm able to massage 17-18 mpg when in the Rockies. No tune, no octane booster. Just plain-old 87/85 unleaded. Doesn't matter if we're fully loaded down with 4 people and luggage in the winter, or starting out at 6,000 ft and heading upwards from there in the summer. Being an enthusiast and having access to the internet doesn't replace years of specialized education and millions of dollars in research which determine that the engine in our T4R is recommended to run regular-octane fuel. On a standard tune.
 
Guys, it doesn't (or shouldn't) matter that you're at altitude because your mass air sensor is going to inform the engine of how much air (and oxygen) is going by through the intake.

That's the purpose of the MAS, to tell the engine how much air is being sucked in and be able to accurately measure that based on varying conditions (from pressure, to humidity, temp, etc).

So no, just because you're at altitude doesn't necessarily equate that your engine is running FAT at altitude because the sensor SHOULD be able to accommodate. Just like if you run a vehicle at 40F with 10% relative humidity vs. 100F and 90% humidity. The air content swings are just as drastic as if you went from the ocean to the mountains.

You could present an argument that the sensor is more or less accurate in certain conditions, which might have an effect on the A/F or the amount of fuel the system allows into the chambers.

I will concede that the one thing that altitude does is have an artificial reduction in compression. 11:1 compression is the same at altitude as sea level just because the engine dimensions don't change.

This WOULD lead to slightly safer conditions running crappy fuel at higher altitudes.

However, as I pointed out, with modern knock sensing and speed density, IN THEORY the engine should adjust and ensure that if you run garbage fuel, it SHOULD adjust the timing to ensure you don't get knock.

You can all do what you want. Like I said, for just putting around, I would think it's probably fine. If I was towing I wouldn't do it and if I did run 85, I'd baby the engine and not ask much of it by way of hard acceleration uphill in high rpms, etc.

I live in FL and don't even remember the last time I saw 85 available. Because again, no one would buy it, because it would fry most engines/rotating components. In 90F heat with 90% humidity and 85 octane it might as well be a compression ignition engine.

It's not uncommon for me to see 110F intake air temps (when the vehicle gets really heat soaked).

I have an NGuage on my Ford that allows me to monitor nearly 100 different signal outputs, and I usually have A/F, spark advance, Intake Air Temps and Knock (how many degrees it's pulling out because of knock).

What's particularly useful about being able to see all that is things like seeing the spark advance at cold start, seeing how much advance it adds during certain conditions (like 6th gear on the interstate) and how much knock retard it pulls out in certain conditions (If I stomp the gas in 5th at 2000 rpm, the motor will pull out sometimes upward of 6 degrees of timing because it's bouncing off the knock sensor, and this is with 93 Octane).

Even though the engine is supposed to be able to do all these wonderful things, there are also OTHER factors that come into play that the engine CAN'T anticipate or handle.

Take for instance, it only takes one hiccup of the injector to create a massively LEAN and dangerous condition on a cylinder. That's easily created if you're in a vehicle where the fuel level is low and you accelerate hard (or even climb a parking garage) and the fuel sump gets starved of fuel (and consequently the basket/pump, the fuel line, and then the injector).

I've literally seen data logs of guys that spike their A/F ratio because they romp the car with a 1/8th of a tank of fuel and the fuel system sputters because the basket isn't submerged.

This applies in a 4R as well when you're offroading with the fuel bouncing around in the tank. One bad moment and 85 is going to nuke your engine.

It's just not worth it to me. But "knock" yourself out. No pun intended.
 
Guys, it doesn't (or shouldn't) matter that you're at altitude because your mass air sensor is going to inform the engine of how much air (and oxygen) is going by through the intake.

That's the purpose of the MAS, to tell the engine how much air is being sucked in and be able to accurately measure that based on varying conditions (from pressure, to humidity, temp, etc).

So no, just because you're at altitude doesn't necessarily equate that your engine is running FAT at altitude because the sensor SHOULD be able to accommodate. Just like if you run a vehicle at 40F with 10% relative humidity vs. 100F and 90% humidity. The air content swings are just as drastic as if you went from the ocean to the mountains.

You could present an argument that the sensor is more or less accurate in certain conditions, which might have an effect on the A/F or the amount of fuel the system allows into the chambers.

I will concede that the one thing that altitude does is have an artificial reduction in compression. 11:1 compression is the same at altitude as sea level just because the engine dimensions don't change.

This WOULD lead to slightly safer conditions running crappy fuel at higher altitudes.

However, as I pointed out, with modern knock sensing and speed density, IN THEORY the engine should adjust and ensure that if you run garbage fuel, it SHOULD adjust the timing to ensure you don't get knock.

You can all do what you want. Like I said, for just putting around, I would think it's probably fine. If I was towing I wouldn't do it and if I did run 85, I'd baby the engine and not ask much of it by way of hard acceleration uphill in high rpms, etc.

I live in FL and don't even remember the last time I saw 85 available. Because again, no one would buy it, because it would fry most engines/rotating components. In 90F heat with 90% humidity and 85 octane it might as well be a compression ignition engine.

It's not uncommon for me to see 110F intake air temps (when the vehicle gets really heat soaked).

I have an NGuage on my Ford that allows me to monitor nearly 100 different signal outputs, and I usually have A/F, spark advance, Intake Air Temps and Knock (how many degrees it's pulling out because of knock).

What's particularly useful about being able to see all that is things like seeing the spark advance at cold start, seeing how much advance it adds during certain conditions (like 6th gear on the interstate) and how much knock retard it pulls out in certain conditions (If I stomp the gas in 5th at 2000 rpm, the motor will pull out sometimes upward of 6 degrees of timing because it's bouncing off the knock sensor, and this is with 93 Octane).

Even though the engine is supposed to be able to do all these wonderful things, there are also OTHER factors that come into play that the engine CAN'T anticipate or handle.

Take for instance, it only takes one hiccup of the injector to create a massively LEAN and dangerous condition on a cylinder. That's easily created if you're in a vehicle where the fuel level is low and you accelerate hard (or even climb a parking garage) and the fuel sump gets starved of fuel (and consequently the basket/pump, the fuel line, and then the injector).

I've literally seen data logs of guys that spike their A/F ratio because they romp the car with a 1/8th of a tank of fuel and the fuel system sputters because the basket isn't submerged.

This applies in a 4R as well when you're offroading with the fuel bouncing around in the tank. One bad moment and 85 is going to nuke your engine.

It's just not worth it to me. But "knock" yourself out. No pun intended.

P V = n R T

Altitude matters.

Edit: maybe that was too obtuse. Compression ratio does not cause uncontrolled combustion. Pressure and temperature do. 17% lower volume of air in the combustion chamber = lower pressure and lower temperature. With the same air/fuel ratio and the same compression ratio, the pressure and temperature being significantly lower mean that the risk of uncontrolled combustion is also lowered significantly. Atmospheric pressure makes a big difference.
 
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Sorry, meant 91, not 93.

Back when the FJC came out, the spec's listed 91 as minimum and there was a backlash at the requirement for mid/premium fuel. Toyota promptly responded by restating the minimum to 87 and lowered the published HP/TQ numbers, without making any actual changes at all.

The knock sensors will retard timing to prevent damage to the motor, so other than lost performance, no harm in running lower octane fuel.

gotcha.
I was also mistaken. I filled up with 92 yesterday. apparently at least that one shell station has 92. I need high octane for my 85 truck, 91 is basically all I can find, 92 will be better. it pings pretty good on 91 even. we had to pull the timing way back to stop it.


to @MidnightOffRoad altitude does matter. you need less octane at higher altitudes. its the reason they have adjusted what is available in Denver. you wont find 85 down in the flat lands, or anywhere near sea level.
 
They sell 85 octane in CO because the density altitude is higher. Engine compression will be lower because air density is lower at higher altitude. 85 octane will run just fine at higher altitudes (Colorado) in a vehicle designed for 87 octane. Don't worry about it.
You simply waste money by using a high octane fuel in a vehicle designed to run on 87 octane. So called - "Premium" gasoline is a marketing gimmick to make you think that premium gas is a higher quality fuel that will make your car run better. You get what you pay for, right? Wrong! Premium 91 or 93 octane is the same quality fuel except that it has a higher octane rating. Higher octane fuel resists detonation better in a high compression engine. It's not cleaner nor it burns better, like many people think. You don't need a high octane fuel if your engine is designed to run on 87 octane. Your vehicle won't benefit in any way except that you pay more for the same amount of fuel.
 
P V = n R T

Altitude matters.

Edit: maybe that was too obtuse. Compression ratio does not cause uncontrolled combustion. Pressure and temperature do. 17% lower volume of air in the combustion chamber = lower pressure and lower temperature. With the same air/fuel ratio and the same compression ratio, the pressure and temperature being significantly lower mean that the risk of uncontrolled combustion is also lowered significantly. Atmospheric pressure makes a big difference.

I think what's difficult to understand here (even for me, sometimes even with my thinking hat on), is that even though the array of sensors can adjust timing, injection volume, etc, it can't increase atmospheric pressure beyond ambient pressure* (and so the risks of preignition, etc, which are reduced by running 87 octane at "normal" atmospheric pressure, are further reduced)

*except with turbocharged, etc, which require higher octane fuels, but this is a different matter, for the exact reasons we are discussing
 
Just put half a tank of 94 in this afternoon and it's like I got a Pedalbox installed or something, very noticeable response and performance difference.

Our fuel has up to 10% ethanol in 87 - 91 grades and I swear it may as well be up to 10% corn syrup.
 
If your 94 is E0 or 100% real gas you would be better MPG as real gas has more energy than E10 or E15 or E85 and you should have more pep.

I saw that this summer as we took a trip from Texas to Minnesota and back and tried to fill up on as much E0 as we could. We were also taking the back roads and only doing 65mph on the roads so we were getting around 23 to 24mpg and the truck seemed to be doing better overall and i did notice that when the truck was at idle that it was smoother.

Right now I tanked up the truck with 20 gallons of 93 last night and I have noticed that the idle is smoother than when running 87 so I am starting my experiment to see.
 
I may just start filling with half a tank or 87 or 91 (with ~10% ethawaste) and half a tank of 94 to "water-down" the ethanol content. Pushing a $1.80/l for 94 isn't that cost effective but in my opinion ~$10 a tank for a happier machine is worth it.
 

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