Technically, yes. Informally, No. Modern AC units are far more effiecent than older days.
I know I am the math nerd on here, but the single BIGGEST factor in MPG is speed. Power dissipated by a car is equal to the cube of the velocity. So a doubling in speed requires 8 times the power, which is why most cars can do 100 without too much trouble, but hitting 200 requires a real beast of a machine.
What I am saying is, the difference in energy required to move 40 MPH and 80MPH is higher by 8 times. 8 TIMES!
We can debate the measly 1% a modern AC takes from your car, or we can focus on the real culprit. To put it in easy estimation, every 10mph increase in speed between 40mph and 80mph requires twice the power needed before it.
TWICE the total power. We are talking orders of magnitude here on power. So, you will see a greater fuel savings by slowing down 5 mph than you would with almost every other factor combined. Type of gas, air in tires, AC or NO ac. Windows or NO windows. Weight and load...
This isn't even something subject to discussion. We have know aerodynamic principles for years and know that traveling higher than 55 mph starts a huge power drain curve that eats energy.
I am not saying DON'T go faster, I am saying; if you really want to save gas, or you really want to increase MPG... slow down.